Overview
- Lesson Title: Mentally-Ill Leaders? - This report explains the causes of some contemporary African leaders' obsessions and their impact from a social study's perspective.
- Language: Hausa
- Topic: Culture/Society
- ILR Level: 2+/3
- ACTFL Proficiency: Superior, Advanced-High; This ACTFL rating is an approximation based on the ILR level
- Modality: Reading
- Learning Objective: Maintenance & Improvement
- Subject Area: Language
- Material Type: LO
- Publication Year: 2007
- ObjectID: HAUS_12056
Transcript
| Original | Translation |
|---|---|
|
Mentally-Ill Leaders? Mahaukata A Mahukuntan Afirka?
Ƙungiyar wanda wani Furfese mai nazarin halaiyan ɗan’adam mai suna Osmar Richers ne ne ya jagoranci wannan bincike da suka yi a ƙasashen Afirka cikin har da Niijeriya.Rahoton wanda a halin yanzu a ke nazarin a sashen nazarin kimiyar siyasa a wata jamai’a wanda aka ɓoye sunanta a ƙasar Ingila, ya nuna a fili cewa mafiyawan shugabannin da suka mulki nahiyar ta Afirka su na da ɗan taɓin hankali. Farfesa Osmar ya yi hira da wata mujala da cibiyar haɓaka siyasa da ke Kanada, cewa a aikin da su ka yin a tsawon shekara huɗu da wata ttakwas sun ziyarci ƙasashen Afirka da dama, don sani irin halin da mutanen afrika suke da kuma dangantakarsu da shugabannin su. Ya ce mutane kamar su Idi Amin na Uganda da Basarake Jean Bedel Bokassa da Mabutu Sese Seku da kuma Ngwazi Kamuzu Banda, sun tabbatar da cewa su na da ɗan taɓin hankali, a lokacin da suka shugabanci ƙasarsu lokuta daban-daban. Bincike ya nuna masu a ma’aunin wato(Intelligent Quit) da a ke gwada hankalin dan-adam cewa waɗannan shugabanin ba su da isashen hankali da ya kamata su mulki al’ummar su. Rahoto ya nuna masu cewa mutum kama Idi Amin Na Uganda wanda ya ke fajirci a fili ya ke shaye-shaye a fili,ya ke fyaɗe ’yan mata a matsayinsa na shugaban ƙasa wannan alama ce ta rashin hankali. Haka kuma a binciken da suka yi sun gano cewa Marigayi Idi Amin ya kan zama shi kaɗai a ofis ya na dariya, ya na waƙa da ƙarfi, don kuwa ya san ba wanda zai iya zuwa ya tambaye shi dalilin haka wanda haka ya ke nunawa cewa ya na da taɓin hankali. Osamar ya ƙara da cewa a lokacin ki guduwa a lokacin da Idi Amin ya ke mulki a Uganda ya kan fita shi kaɗai ba tare da jami’an tsaronsa ba zuwa wata gona a wajen gari ya na tiƙar rawa shi da ’yan matansa daga ƙarshe kuma ya yi masu fyaɗe. Masanan su ƙara da cewa a wata takarda ta likita da suka samu a irin kayan shugaban ƙasar Uganda ya nuna masu cewa Idi Amin ya na ta’ammali da wasu miyagun ƙwayoyi, wanda suke jirkita tunanin ɗan-adam da kuma sa shi maye. Rahoton mai shafi kusan ɗari takwas da tamanin ya nuna a fili yadda shugabannin Afirka suke wawashe dukiyar ƙasar suke kai wa wata ƙasa,suke barin mutanensu cikin wahala da baƙin talauci. Ya bayar da misali da shugabannin kamar su Mabutu Sese Seku na Zaire da kuma irin abin daya faruwa a ƙasar Liberia inda Samual Doe ya kwashe kuɗin ƙasar ya kuma ƙi guduwa a lokacin da Charles Taylor ya ke ƙoƙarin kifar da gwamnatinsa. Binciken nasu ya tabbatar masu da cewa Samuel Doe mahaukaci ne, tuburan, don kuwa ba shi da wani abu da ya wuce wiwi. A kullum sai ya sha kimanin kilo shida na tabar wiwi a cikin ofishinsa ko kuma cikin gida. Doe tsohon soja ne kuma su na ganin cewa zama da ya yi a soja ne ya saba da wannan halaryyar ta shaye-shayen miyagun ƙwayoyi. Haka shi ma Mabutu rahoton nasu ya nuna masu cewa ya kan zama ya sha giya, wanda a ke shigo da ita daga ƙasar faransa da kuma yawan haɗa liyafa, wanda a ke kashe maƙudan kuɗi, wanda ya ce su ga wasu takardu wanda ya nuna Mabutu ya taɓa haɗa lifa, don jin daɗin wata matarsa a kan kuɗi kimanin dalar Amurka dubu ɗari uku, a lokacin kuwa kusan rabin yaran ƙasar ba su zuwa makaranta, don rashin kayan aiki da kuma kin biyan malam makaranta haƙƙinsu. Nazarin ya nuna cewa, kusan rabin ƙasashen da suke nahiyar Afirka ba ƙasar da ba ta fuskantar irin wannan matsalolin ba, na taɓaɓɓun shugabannin. Ƙasashen Larabawa na nahiyar Afirka cewar Furfesa Osmar wanda shi ma ɗan asalin ƙasar Egypt ne, amma haihuwar ƙasar Amurka ya nuna cewa ƙasashe kamar Egypt,Libya da Morocco da kuma su Tunisia, shugabanin shagala ce ke haukata su, don irin arzikin da Allah Ya ba su. A irin binciken da suka gudanar ya nuna masu a filin yadda shugabanin Larabawa suke kwashe dukiyar ƙasar suke gine-gine na banza a ƙasashen Turawa da kuma gina manya-manyan Hotel a duniya da kuma gidan caca. Da kuma ya dawo kan basarake Jea Bedel Bokassa, shugaban ƙasar Afirka ta tsakiya wanda ya yi mulkin kama karya a lokacinsa, ke yi mashi kirari da makashin maza, saboda cin nama mutane da ya ke yi. Koda ya ke ba wanda zai iya ba ka cikakiyar tarihin Bokassa, saboda mutum ne wanda jama’ar ƙasarsa suke matuƙar tsoronsa saboda tsabar zalunci da ya ke yi masu. Ya kashe wani abokin adawa kuma ya sa a gasa shi ba wani sabon abu ba ne a wurin Bokassa. Binciken da su Osmar su ka yi sun rawaito cewa Bokassa ya na da mata na aure har goma sha bakwai(17) da kuma ’ya’ya 55 da kuma ’yan kwararo guda talatin da biyu(32). Lokacin da suke tambayar ɗansa mai suna Jean Charles ya ce shi kansa ya na zaton ubansa mahaukaci ne, don kuwa irin abubuwan da ubansa ya yi, mai hankali ba zai yi ba, don kuwa cewar ɗansa “Babana ya kasance yana cin naman mutane“. Haka kuma, rahoton ya nuna cewa tun ya na ɗan shekara sheda(6) ne a ke zaton ya samu taɓin hankali, saboda a ranar da ya rasa mahaifinsa, kuma uwarsa ta kashe kanta, saboda haushin kashe mijinta da Turawan faransa suka yi a lokacin . Wani tsohon jami’in gwamnatin Bokassa, ya sheda wa masu wannan binciken cewa zai iya amincewa Bokassa ya na da taɓin ƙwaƙwalwa, saboda yadda a lokaci ɗaya ya mayar da kansa sarkin gargajiya da kuma naɗa kansa da ya yi Marshal na soja, wannan duk mai hankalin ba zai yi ba, don kuwa ba shi da wanda ya isa ya ba shi sahawara a lokacin da ya ke mulki. Ku tuna fa cewar inji jami’in Bokassa “Shi ne mutumin da ya wayi gari ya ce ya maida ƙasarmu masarautar Afirka ta tsakiya daga Jamhuriya. Ka ga ai wannan hauka ne. Jagoran wannan bincike Osamar ya ce Bokassa, ya na ɗaya daga cikin shugabanin Nahiyar Afirka da a ka yi itifaƙi cewa yana da taɓuwar hankali,saboda binciken likitoci da masana rayuwar ɗan-adam, sun ba da rahoto na musamman a lokacin da a ka kai shi kotu, don yanke masa hukuncin cinzali da ya yi wa jama’ar ƙasarsa. Bincike ya gano cewa saboda taɓuwar Basarake, karfi da yaji Bokassa addinin uku ya ke yi,shi asalinsa Kirista ne,kuma saboda abokantaka da ya yi da shugaban ƙasar Libya Muammar Gaddafi ya ce ya musllunta, haka kuma addinin su na gargajiya.
Wani marubuci a Malawi mai suna Makarkiki, a wata ƙasida da ya rubutawa ya kira Kamuzu Banda “Mahaukaci da Gata“, da taɓargaza da kuma mulki son rai da shinfiɗa a ƙasar ta Malawi. Mai karatun ku biyo zamu cigaba mai zuwa inda za ku ji waye tuburaren shugaban ƙasar Nijeriya a cewar waɗannan masana. |
Mentally-Ill Leaders? Here’s something of a fable: An independent organization produced a report that some experts wrote about African countries, in which they asserted that the continent of Africa was in dire circumstances due to poor leadership, poverty and disease brought about by dishonest governments. The study on African countries, including Nigeria, was conducted under the leadership of a professor researching human nature named Osmar Richars. The report, part of political science research that is currently being conducted at an unidentified university in England, made public claims that the majority of leaders who ruled the continent of Africa were mildly insane. Professor Osmar, who spoke with a magazine at a center for global politics in Canada, said that in the course of their four years and eight months of research, they visited many African countries to understand the character of African people as well as their relationship to their leaders. He said people like Idi Amin of Uganda, Chief Jean Bedel Bokassa, Mobutu Sese Seko and Ngwazi Kamuzu Banda confirmed that they had mild insanity at different times while they had ruled their countries. The study, using a scale for measuring human intelligence (Intelligence Test), noted that these leaders did not have sufficient faculties necessary for them to govern their communities. The report showed that it must be a sign of mental impairment for a man like Idi Amin of Uganda to be depraved in public, excessively drunk in public, and raping young women in his capacity as the country’s leader. Moreover, the study discovered that the late Idi Amin would often sit alone in his office, laughing and singing loudly, as he knew that no one would dare come and ask him the reason for this strange behavior, which reveals that he was insane. Osmar added that when Idi Amin was in power in Uganda, he would go out by himself, unaccompanied by his security officers, to a village farm, where he would go dancing with his girlfriends, after which he would rape them. The experts added that a medical file they found among the Ugandan president’s personal effects showed that Idi Amin had used certain drugs that distort human thinking and made him intoxicated. The report of nearly eight hundred eighty pages revealed how African leaders had squandered their countries’ wealth by taking it to other countries and leaving their people in serious hardship and poverty. The study cited examples of leaders like Mobutu Sese Seko of Zaire and also the type of events that took place in Liberia when Samuel Doe stole that country’s money and refused to flee when Charles Taylor was attempting to overthrow his government. Their study confirmed that Samuel Doe was a raving lunatic, since he enjoyed nothing more than marijuana. Every day he smoked about six kilos of marijuana in his office and at home. Doe was a former soldier and experts believed that it was in the military that he became accustomed to this habit of taking excessive amounts of drugs. The study also revealed to the researchers how Mobutu also regularly sat and drank wine, imported from France, and had many receptions costing huge amounts of money. The researchers came across files which revealed that Mobutu once spent US$300,000 to host a reception specifically to please his wife at a time when nearly half of the country’s children did not attend school, due to lack of school materials or because their teachers were not paid their salaries. The research further showed that among nearly half of the countries on the African continent, there was not one country that didn’t encounter this kind of problem of insane leaders. As for Arab countries on the African continent, Professor Osmar – an Egyptian by ancestry, but born in the U.S. – revealed that in some like Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia, it was extravagance that made the leaders go insane, due to the level of wealth that God gave them. The study observed how Arab leaders had been using their vast national wealth to build large buildings in Europe or erect massive hotels and casinos domestically. The study then turned its attention to the case of Chief Jean Bedel Bokassa, ruler of the Central African Republic, who ran a dictatorship in his time, and had a reputation for cannibalism, because he ate human flesh. Still, no one could give you the full history of Bokassa, because he was a man whose officials feared so much due to his absolute tyranny. It is not uncommon for Bokassa to have an opponent killed and roasted. The study that Osmar and his associates undertook estimated that Bokassa had up to seventeen (17) wives, 55 children, and mistresses numbering thirty-two (32). When they asked his son, named Jean Charles, he himself said that he thought his father was insane because of all the crazy things he did which no sane person would do; and as his son said, “My father lived to eat human flesh.” In fact the report confirmed that Bokassa had been considered mentally impaired since he was only six (6) years old. This probably was due to his father’s death at the time, an event which led Bokassa’s mother to take her own life out of anger with the French whom she blamed for killing her husband. A former official in the Bokassa government informed those who conducted this study that he suspected that Bokassa was mentally unstable from the day that Bokassa simultaneously converted himself into a traditional chief and promoted himself to Field Marshal. No sensible person would take such actions, but then Bokassa did not have anyone brave enough to advise him while he was in power. “Remember”, says, the official, “He’s the person who woke up one morning and declared that he had converted our nation from a Republic to the Central African Monarchy. You know, this is crazy. The study group leader, Osmar, said Bokassa was one of the leaders on the African continent who is certain to have been insane, because of a long-term study by doctors and experts in human biology who produced an important report when Bokassa was charged in court, for the oppression he imposed on his citizens. The study discovered that due to the Chief’s madness, the mighty Bokassa practiced three religions: his original Christianity; then on account of this friendship with Libyan president Mu’ammar Gaddafi he said he converted to Islam; and finally Bokassa’s own traditional religion. If we jump over to Malawi, we will find another mentally-impaired president, Ngwazi Kamuzu Banda (“Ngwazi” in their language of Chichewa means LION). A Malawian author named Makarkiki, in a lecture he wrote, called Kamuzu Banda “The Privileged Madman,” given the failings and egotistic governance he spread throughout the country of Malawi. Readers, follow us as we continue later, when you will learn what these experts have to say about a certain Nigerian absolute ruler with questionable sensibilities. |
Glossary
| Hausa | Hausa Meaning | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Baƙin talauci. | Wannan salon magana ne da yake nufin taulauci mai tsanani, inda babu mafita. | This is a saying that usually implies that something is at its extreme; in this context, it refers to extreme poverty |
| Suka yi ittifaƙin cewa... | Suka farga da cewa ko sukayi samamen cewa... | To realize, or to find a clue in research, or to predict something |
| Yana ta tiƙar rawa. | Yana rawa ba tsayawa ko kuma da dukan ƙarfinshi. | This expression means he dances without stopping, or with all his strength |
| Shagala ce ke haukata su. | Wannan yana kamar a ce yin biki, ko shagali ne abin da suka fi sa gaba a kai. | In this context, the meaning of this phrase is: being merry is all that matters to them, or merry-making is their obsession |
| Ya wayi gari ya ce ya... | Wannan karin magana ne da yake nufin mutune ya ɗauki niyyar yin wani abu da gaugawa, ko ba shawara. An iya cewa kuma ya yi abun ba zato ba tsammani. | This is a saying which means doing something unexpectedly, or without warning |
| Tsabar zalunci da yake yi masu. | Wannan magana tana nufin yana masu zalunci ainun. Yana ba su wuya mai tsanani da yawa. | This saying means the way he treats them is just cruel |
| Ƙarfi da yaji... | Wannan salon magana yana nufin don dole, ko cikin rashin kunya. | This expression is used to say that a person forces another person into unlawful acts, or a demonstration of force |
| Mulkin son rai da shinfiɗa. | Wannan kamar a ce mulkin danniya ne. | A totalitarian regime |
Notes
| Hausa Notes | English Notes |
|---|---|
|
The African continent has seen many dictators in its history. From colonization to the independence of countries, some of those leaders have fought won and then turned to the people they presumably fought for, with new attitudes and much abuse of human rights. In some cases, those leaders were supported or helped by other powers until human rights advocates and organizations started acting to stop them, and now democracy is giving more power to the people. For more information please refer to: http://www.primexparquet.com/e_congo_storia.htm |
Tarihin nahiyar Afirka yana cike da ƴan kama karyar shuganni. Daga mulkin mallaka zuwa samun ƴanci ƙasashen da masu mulkin mallakar sun raba, wasu cikin waɗannan shugabannin sun yi fama kuma sun sami nasara, amma sun dawo ga jama'ar da suke cewa sun yi faman don ita da wata fuska daban da tasu irin kama karya da cin hakkin ɗan adam. Wasu cikinsu sun sami goyon bayan wasu mayyan hukumomi sai da masu yaƙi da cin hakkin ɗan adam sun tasar masu. Yanzu dimukuraɗiyya tana ƙarfafa jama'a. |
CONTENT SOURCE: Sulaiman Ramat (2007, January 18). Mentally-Ill Leaders?. N/A: Leadership Newspapers Group Limited.
Objective: Demonstrate your core comprehension.
Content description: This report explains the causes of some contemporary African leaders' obsessions and their impact from a social study's perpective.
XML
<activity>
<problemset>
<problem correctindex="0">
<choices>
<opt>
<eng-response>The findings of a study conducted in African countries by a team led by Professor Osmar Richers, a sociologist, almost like fiction give a dramatic correlation between mental illness and some leaders’ various obsessions which are depicted and blamed for governments’ failure to sustain an ailing continent in this report. Rich Arab leaders spend public money in Western hotels and casinos, whereas presidents, like Ugandan Idi Amin, who was described as a tyrant, rapist, and drug abuser, or the unconscionable dictator and cannibal Mabutu of Zaire, who squandered big sums of money on extravagant parties or bank accounts abroad while children lacked education, are confirmed mentally ill by doctors too. The study’s list goes on with: an obstinate drug addict Samuel Doe in Liberia emptying the country’s treasury, a scandalous and selfish Kamuzu, in Malawi, and an orphan prince, polygamous, oppressive, cannibal, as his son confirms, and self-proclaimed emperor and marshal Bokassa in Central African Republic, who practiced three religions as he pleased.</eng-response>
<response>Bayyanai masu kamar almara da suka fito daga wani bincike a Afirka, da ƙungiyar Farfesa Osmar Richers, wani mai nazarin halayen ɗan adam dake jagorantar kungiyar, sun dangantaka tsananin taɓuwa, da jarabobi iri-iri da shugabannin Africa da dama, har da suke kawo gazawar gwamnatoci, kamar yadda aka nuna cikin wannan rohoton. Wadatatun shugabannin ƙasashen larabawa suna ɓatar da kuɗaɗen ƙasa ga hotel da gidan caca; su kuma shugabanni kamar Idi Amin na Uganda, da sun kira, azzalumi, mai yiwa 'yan mata fyaɗe, kuma ɗan kwaya, ko kuma, shi marar lisafi, mai kama karya, da cin naman mutane, Mabutu na Zaire wanda ya ɓatar da ɗimbin kuɗi ga shagali da ajiya waje, yayinda babu makarantu, likitoci ma sun amince mahaukata ne. Ƙungiyar ta ƙara zana mahaukatan kamar: cikakken ɗan ƙwayan Samual Doe na Liberiya da kuɗin ƙasa, Kamuzu na Malawi, mai taɓargaza, sai basarake, mai yawan mata,da yawan addini, da cin mutune, ɗansa ma ya faɗa, Bokassa na Afirka ta tsakiya wanda ya naɗa kansa sarki da marshal.</response>
<fdbk>Daidai ne! Zaɓen wannan ya yi daidai saboda akwai sauƙaƙawar fahimtar abinda rahoton ya ƙunsa cikin bayyanai da an bada bisa shugabannin da mugayen halayensu kamar ɓatar da kuɗin da yake anfanin jama'a. Ana gani a nan kuma da kamar shakkar ga mai rubutun bisa bayyanan inda ya kwatamta rahoton da almara.</fdbk>
<eng-fdbk>Correct! This choice is the best option because it reflects the report with information about the leaders and their vices, which allows a better understanding of the outcome of the study. It also gives an idea on the skeptical point of view of the writer, who compares the study to fiction.</eng-fdbk>
</opt>
<opt>
<eng-response>This report depicts the findings of a study on the relationship between the strange behaviors of some African leaders and the continent’s problematic situation. Conducted under the leadership of professor Osmar Richers, a sociologist, the study shows a suffering continent led by tyrants, thieves, drug addicts, and gluttons. An example is the late Idi Amin, the former president who ruled Uganda with an obscene mind according to doctors. In Zaire, Mabutu Sese Seku used his country’s money on unnecessary expenses. Samuel Doe in Liberia and Ngwazi Kazumu Banda in Malawi have been mentioned in the study as extremely selfish. Jean Bedel Bokassa of the Central African Repubic has been described as mentally disturbed from childhood to his despotic regime, by the study which doctors and people who know him well confirmed, according to the team. He converted from one religion to another depending on situations without any second thoughts they add, but there is some skepticism on the part of the reporter as more findings are yet to be read.</eng-response>
<response>Wannan rohoton yana zana bayyanan da wani bincike ya kawo bisa halaye masu ban mamaki na wasu shugabannin Afirka da kuma dangantakarsu da matsalolin da nahiyar take ciki. Wannan bincike a ƙasashen Afirka, yake nuna wahallar nahiyar yayinda masu mulkinta sun zama; ƴan kama karya, ɓarayi, ƴan kwaya, kuma masu zari ga cewar ƙungiyar da farfesa Osmar Richers, wani mai nazarin halayan ɗan adam ya yi jagoranci.Idi Amin shugaban Uganda, ya yi mulki cikin taɓuwa likitoci suka ce. A Zaire, Mabutu ya banzatar da kuɗin ƙasa, haka kuma Samual Doe ya yi a Liberiya, ƙari da son kai kamar Ngwazi Kazumu na Malawi. Masu rahoton, likitoci, da kuma mutane na kusa da, Jean Bedel Bokasa na Afirka ta tsaƙiya sun amince da, taɓisa ya daɗe gareshi har lokacin mulkin kama karyarshi. Ya riƙa sake addini yadda ya ga dama.</response>
<fdbk>Ba daidai ba! Wannan taƙaitarwa ba cikakkiya ba ce saboda akwai shugabannin ƙasashen larabawa da ba a ambata ba, waɗanda su ma suna da tasu mugunta daban, da rohoton ya ƙara ga haukan da yake nunawa .Ku ƙara karanta sakin layi na ukku. Wane bayyani ne ya ragu?</fdbk>
<eng-fdbk>Incorrect! The choice does not give a complete representation of the text. Arab leaders have not been mentioned, although they present a vice different from the rest that adds to the report's portrayal of mental illness. Please read the third paragraph again. Which statement has been omitted?</eng-fdbk>
</opt>
<opt>
<eng-response>This report gives the results of a study conducted in Africa by a team of independent researchers led by professor Osmar Richers, a sociologist who came up with the conclusions that all the leaders studied are mentally ill and not fit to lead, although they did. Insane leaders such as former Ugandan president Idi Amin, who not only raped and used narcotics, but also publicly drank and misbehaved when he was not hysterical, alone in his office. Another maniac according to the study, the late Mabutu Sese Seku of Zaire, a dictator and cannibal, lived an extravagant lifestyle that cost the country a fortune. Extravagance and money laundering is also linked to Arab leaders, who have a passion for hotels and casinos according to the study. Samuel Doe of Liberia was simply poor and addicted to drugs, whereas Bokassa of the Central African Republic, was another cannibal with dozens of descendants.</eng-response>
<response>Wannan rahoto yana bada sakamankon wani bincike da wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta ta yi a Afirka ƙarƙashin jagorancin farfesa Osmar Richers, wani mai nazari halayen ɗan adam inda sun yi la'akari da cewa dukan shugannin da binciken ya shafa, mahaukata ne kuma ba su cancanta ba su yi mulki duk da sun yi shi. Taɓaɓɓun magabata kamar shugaban Uganda, Idi Amin wanda ba fyaɗe da shan ƙwaya kaɗai ya yi ba, amma har da fajirci a fili in ba ya hauka shi kaɗai a ofis. Wani taɓaɓɓen shi kuma Mabutu na Zaire, mai kama karya da cin mutane, ya yi rayuwa ta almubazzaranci wadda ta jawo wa ƙasar asara kuɗaɗe kamar yadda binciken ya nuna. Almubazzaranci kuma ya zama kamar taɓi ga larabawan magabata da suke haukan hotel da gidan caca. Shi Samual Doe ba shi da kome sai shan ƙwaya, yayinda Bokassa na Afirka ta tsakiya shi ma ya zama mai cin naman mutane, ga kuma iyallai dayawa.</response>
<fdbk>Ba daidai ba! Wannan ba daidai ba ne saboda bayyanai da ake badawa ragaggu ne kamar bisa saka jarin larabawa a ƙasahen turawa. Ba a nuna ra'ayin marubucin wanda yake ganin rahoton kamar
ƙagaggen labari. Ku yi tunani bisa yadda a ambata sauran shugabannin; waɗanne bayyanai aka rage?</fdbk>
<eng-fdbk>Incorrect! This choice is not the best because it only superficially represents the text in the sense that it gives partial information on some facts, like Arab leaders’ investments in Western countries. It does not give the writer's point of view about the report, which he finds a little fictitious. Think about how the leaders are presented; what details are missing?</eng-fdbk>
</opt>
</choices>
</problem>
</problemset>
<instr type="eng">INSTRUCTIONS:
Choose the best summary.</instr>
<instr type="target">Umurni:Zaɓi taƙaitawa mafi dacewa.</instr>
<finishtl>Wace mugunta, a ganinku ake iya cewa kowane mahukuncin da aka zana cikin wannan rahoto yana fama da?</finishtl>
<finishtl>Yayinda ake karanta waɗɗanan bayyanai, ana ganin kamar yawancin mahukumtan sun ɗauki kansu kamar alloli ga jama'arsu; a ganin ku jama'a suna karfafa wannan irin tunani ga mahukuntan? ta Yaya?</finishtl>
<finishtl>Kun yarda da bayyani da wannan rahoto yake badawa bisa taɓuwa? Donmi? Ku bada bayyani bisa ra'ayinku.</finishtl>
<finish>Which vice would you consider common to all the leaders mentioned in this report?</finish>
<finish>Reading the comments about most of the leaders gives the impression that they consider themselves gods to the people. In your opinion, do the people encourage them to think that way? How?</finish>
<finish>Would you agree with the description of mental illness given in the report? Why or why not?</finish>
</activity>