Overview
- Lesson Title: Boko Haram in Nigeria-This is an excerpt from an August 2014 radio interview with retired Major Yahaya Ibrahim Shinku on his thoughts regarding the best ways for the government to deal with Boko Haram. WinXP users should install Arial Unicode font.
- Language: Hausa
- Topic: Defense/Security
- ILR Level: 2+/3
- ACTFL Proficiency: Superior, Advanced-High
- This ACTFL rating is an approximation based on the ILR level
- Modality: Listening
- Learning Objective: Maintenance & Improvement
- Subject Area: Language
- Material Type: LLO
- Publication Year: 2015
- ObjectID: c14lhau09
Transcript
| Original | Translation |
|---|---|
|
AWWAL AHMAD JANYAU: To manjo ya kuke ganin makomar Nijeria yanzu musamman yankin Arewa maso gabaci da mayaƙan Boko Haram suka karbe wasu yankuna a yankin, a jihar Borno? MANJO YAHAYA IBRAHIM SHINKU: To farko dai zan ce ga wanda ya san yanda alamarin ya samo asali, ba zai yi mamakin haka ba ya faru ba. Domin yadda gwamnati take tinkarar al-amarin, akwai kurakurai, daga wani ɓangaren kuma sakaci. Saboda haka, daga karshe dai wadannan mutanen sai suna samun dama suna ta fadada buƙatunsu kuma suna cimma niyan su ta inda a can baya in ba mu manta ba, daga cikin abubuwanda jama’a suke ta ƙoƙarin su ja hankalin gwamnati akai shi ne cewa, shi irin wannan al’amari in ya taso, ba wanda ya san ina zai tsaya. To dan gudun kar ya zama ya kuɓucewa gwamnati, daga baya a zo ana ta inda-inda, da na sani, abinda ya kamata tun farko ta fara tinƙarar al’amarin nan da shi, shi ne tattaunawa, ta nema a samar da sulhu, domin kar abin ya ci gaba. AWWAL AHMAD JANYAU: Kaman me hakan kake ganin abin zai iya haifarwa a nan gaba? MANJO YAHAYA IBRAHIM SHINKU:To muna tunkarar zabe, duk abinda zai taso na barazana wanda zai zamanto na yaki, yana iya ya hana a yi zaɓe. Kuma hana zaɓe, zai sa ko ana so, ko ba’a so majalisar tarayya huruminta yana da fadi a kundin tsarin mulki musamman in ka duba sashe na goma sha ɗaya. Ta na da dama a irin wannan yanayin in taga dama ta ce; saboda zaɓuɓuka ba za su yu ba ga Nijeriya tana cikin yaƙi, sai dai, a daga zaɓuɓuka, a ƙarawa wannan gwamnati wani wa’adi. To, ka ga wannan, wani salo ne, wanda mutane za su yi tunanin cewa gwamnati ta ma yi kwanciyarta ne don hakan ma ya faru su ba ruwansu saboda suna ganin za su amfana da irin wannan abu. AWWAL AHMAD JANYAU: Kamar yanda ka faro maganar cewa, an ƙasa bin hanyoyi na sasantawa, shin, kamar yanzu, kana nufin: akwai bukatar a zauna teburun sulhu da su waɗannan mayakan, ko ko,batu ne na a koma a tinkare su, a karɓo yankunan da suka kwace? MANJO YAHAYA IBRAHIM SHINKU: Ai, maganar ayi sulhu yanzu, a gaskiya, fi-sabilillahi, an wuce wannan wuri. Kaɗai, in an ce ma za’a yi sulhu yanzu to, buƙatun da za su sa, sai sun fi abinda ake tsamanin da can baya su gindaya. AWWAL AHMAD JANYAU: TO yanzu, yaya kake ganin sojojin na Nijeriya za su tinkare mayakan na Boko Haram, a irin wannan bidiyo da suka nuna, sun kwashi makamai da dama na sojojin na Nijeriya? MANJO YAHAYA IBRAHIM SHINKU: To, a yanzu, wannan yaƙi, za’a ce: zai fi ma sojojin Nijeriya sauƙi akan yanda da ake yaƙin-sunkuru tsakanin su da waɗannan mutane. Domin tunda sun riga sun ikirarin amshe waɗannan yankuna, to, gwamnatin Nijeriya za ta tinkare su ne kai-tsaye, a matsyayin yaƙi za ta yi da abokan gaba, wanda yake kuma duk irin makamin da take, za ta fito da shi ta yi amfani da shi, don ta tabbatar ta kwace wannan wuri. Kuma yanzu, ko waye ma yake cikin wannan yankin, to in dai ya san ba ya tare da wannan ƙungiya, abinda ya fi masa sauki, shi ne ya fice daga wannan yanki don yaƙi ne za’a yi sosai. AWWAL AHMAD JANYAU: Eh, amma, akwai batu na cewa: su, sojoji sun yi bore dangane da wannan yaƙi na tunkarar mayaƙan Boko Haram, kila saboda rashin isassun makamai ko na nagartattun maƙaman da za su tinkare su. Yaya kake ganin wannan batu? MANJO YAHAYA IBRAHIM SHINKU: Wancan yanayin da ya sa suka yi wannan bore, yana da bambamci da wannan. Don ka ga a wancan yanayin, ana magana ne ku je ku shiga wani yanayi wanda yake, mutanen da suke wurin ba’a tabbatar da su ba, ba’a san su waye ba. Ma’ana; akwai takaitaccen irin makamin da za ka yi amfani da shi a wannan wurin don saboda ana sa ran za ka je wuri ne wanda yake akwai fararen hula kuma ba za ka iya bambance su da waɗannan mutane ba. Na ɗaya ke nan. Na biyu kuma, mutanen ba su yanke cewa sun rike wadannan yankuna ba kamar yanzu. A yanzu, tunda sun ce sun riƙe waɗannan yankuna ne, to, shi ne nake maganar cewa, in ma rundunar sojojin Nijeriya za su fito da maƙamain su ne yanda ba’a ma yi tsammani ba, su tinkare su. |
AWWAL AHMAD JANYAU: OK, Major, how do you see the future of Nigeria now, especially in the northeastern region where the Boko Haram fighters have captured some areas in Borno State? MAJOR YAHAYA IBRAHIM SHINKU: Well, first of all, I will say that anyone who was aware of the original situation will not be surprised that this is happening. This is because of how the government is dealing with the situation; there are mistakes, and on the other hand, there is negligence. Therefore, these people have been taking advantage of the situation to meet their own needs, and if we haven’t forgotten, the public has been trying to bring to the government’s attention the fact that when this type of situation arises, no one knows how far it will go. So let it not be the case that refugees are evading the government, and later on they will regret it. What they should have done from the beginning to deal with this situation is to hold a dialogue. They should have sought reconciliation so the issue could not have escalated. AWWAL AHMAD JANYAU: What do you think this will cause in the future? MAJOR YAHAYA IBRAHIM SHINKU: Well, we are approaching elections, and any threat that could lead to war could prevent the election from taking place. And preventing the election will allow, whether they like it or not, an extension of the tenure of the federal council as it says in the constitution, particularly if you look at section eleven. The Federal Executive Council has the right to say what they please: that elections will not be possible in Nigeria because Nigeria is in a state of war, so the alternative would be to move the elections and extend the term of this government. So you see, this will lead people to think that the government is relaxed and so they will not care what happens because they perceive that they will benefit from this sort of thing. AWWAL AHMAD JANYAU: Like you said at the beginning of the discussion, they have failed to follow the path of arbitration, and so now, do you mean there is a need to hold peace talks with these fighters? Or is it an issue of going back to deal with them, so as to reclaim the regions that they have captured? MAJOR YAHAYA IBRAHIM SHINKU: Well, the talk of reconciliation now has honestly passed already. If they say that they will reconcile now, well, the conditions they [Boko Haram— Trans .] will demand will exceed what we thought they wanted before.
MAJOR YAHAYA IBRAHIM SHINKU: Well, right now, it can be said that it will be much easier for the Nigerian army to start a slow and subtle war of conquest between them and these Boko Haram people. Because they claim to have taken over these areas, well, the government of Nigeria will deal with them directly in the same way that enemies are dealt with in war, which also means they will take out every kind of weapon there is and use them to ensure that they reclaim these places. Also right now, whoever is in that region, if he knows he is not with this group, what is best for him is to leave this region because they will fight this war very thoroughly. AWWAL AHMAD JANYAU: But there is the issue that they, the army, held a protest against going to war against the encroachment of the Boko Haram fighters, perhaps because they lack adequate or quality weapons to deal with them. How do you see this issue? MAJOR YAHAYA IBRAHIM SHINKU: The conditions that made them carry out that protest are different from conditions now. You see, under those conditions it was being said that they were not certain who the people were that were there and they didn’t know who the Boko Haram people were. This means that there are smaller weapons that you may need to use, keeping in mind that you are going to a location that has civilians and one may not be able to distinguish them from those [Boko Haram] people. That’s the first thing. Secondly, people did not realize that they held these regions in their grip like they do now. Right now, since they [Boko Haram— Trans .] say that they are holding onto these regions, well, I am saying here that all Nigerian soldiers will come out with their weapons in a way they had never anticipated and deal with them. |
Glossary
| Hausa | Hausa Meaning |
|---|---|
|
makomar Nijeria |
the future of Nigeria |
| kurakurai | mistakes |
| inda-inda | regret |
| kundin tsarin mulki | constitution |
| ba ruwansu | they will not care |
| zauna teburun sulhu | (lit: sit at the table of reconciliation) hold peace talks |
| fi-sabilillahi | (lit: in God’s path) honestly |
| kila | perhaps
This is a shortened form of the word watakila. |
| fararen hula | (lit: white caps) civilians |
Notes
The Notes provide cultural and linguistic information helpful for comprehending the text.
Boko Haram
Boko Haram is an Islamic political group based in Nigeria. Founded in 2002 by a group of Islamic clerics in the Nigerian state of Borno, its first leader was Mohammed Yusuf. Boko Haram has sought to impose Sharia law throughout all of Nigeria. The group was non-violent until 2009, when it refused to comply with a law that required motorcyclists to wear helmets. More than 800 people were killed in the ensuing riot between Boko Haram and the police (Ford 2014). Since then, Boko Haram has become increasingly violent, and it was designated a terrorist group by the United States in 2013 (Abubakar 2014). In April 2014, members of Boko Haram kidnapped nearly 300 schoolgirls in Chibok, prompting an international outcry. As of early 2015, Boko Haram controls territory in the northeastern Nigerian states of Yobe, Adamawa, and Borno, particularly in the area surrounding Maiduguri, the capital of Borno and the city in which Boko Haram was founded (Ashkenas et al. 2014).
Abubakar, Abdullahi Tasiu. May 9, 2014. "Nigeria's Boko Haram Leader Abubakar Shekau in Profile." BBC. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-18020349.
Ashkenas, Jeremy, Derek Watkins, and Archie Tse. December 11, 2014. "Boko Haram: The Other Islamic State." New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/12/11/world/africa/boko-haram-nigeria-maps.html.
Ford, John. June 6, 2014. "The Origins of Boko Haram." The National Interest. http://nationalinterest.org/feature/the-origins-boko-haram-10609.