bbchausa verticals/002 clothing

#: He has spent a combined total of 10 years in prison for showing too much skin in public, having been arrested multiple times. [7] <> Ya shafe shekara 10 a gidan kurkuku saboda fita tsirara a bainar jama'a baya ga cewa an sha tsare shi. [8]

1. Gough, also known as the "naked rambler", prefers to get naked when temperatures warm up. [9] <> Gough, wanda ke da lakabin "mai yawo tsirara," ya fi son tafiya a tumbur lokacin yanayin zafi. [10]

   He is not a danger to the public, [11] <> Ba shi da wani hadari ko cutarwa ga al'umma, [12]

   but when he walked naked from John o'Groats to Lands' End in the UK in 2003, he caused outcries around the country. [13] <> amma tafiyar da yake zigidir daga John o'Groats zuwa Lands End a Birtaniya cikin shekara ta 2003, ya haifar da rudani a kasar. [14]

   Some hunter-gatherer societies still choose to live mostly naked [15] <> Wani rukuni na al'ummar mafarauta har yanzu sun fi sha'awar zama zigidir haihuwar uwarsu. [16]

   When he attempted the journey again he was quickly arrested. [17] <> Lokacin da ya yi yunkurin yin balaguro sai aka yi hanzari kama shi aka tsare. [18]

   In prison he was often put into solitary confinement for his refusal to wear clothes. [19] <> A kurkuku an sha kebe shi saboda ya ki yadda ya sanya tufafi. [20]

   And yet, nobody can argue with the fact that we are all born, like Gough, without clothes. [21] <> Kuma har yanzu babu wanda zai iya yin jayayya kan cewa ba haka aka haife mu ba, kamar Gough, ba tare da sutura ba. [22]

   The difference is that most of us go on to cover up in our public lives. [23] <> Bambancin kawai shi ne mafi yawancin mu mu kan rufe jiki ne a cikin jama'a. [24]

   There are good reasons to do so: [25] <> Akwai kyawawan dalilan yin hakan: [26]

   in colder climes we would freeze to death without some extra padding, [27] <> a lokacin sanyin hunturu za mu kame mu mutu in ba muvrufe jiki ba, [28]

   and in intense heat clothing can also shield us from the Sun. [29] <> kuma a lokacin zafi tufafi za su iya ba mu kariya daga rana. [30]

   However, some hunter-gatherer societies still choose to live mostly naked, [31] <> Sai dai wasu al'ummomin mafarauta har yanzu sun fi son zama haihuwar uwarsu, [32]

   which suggests that clothing is not vital for our survival. [33] <> al'amarin da ke nuni da cewa ba dole sai mun sanya tufafi za mu rayu ba. [34]

   So if being naked is so natural, when did our obsession with clothing begin, and why? [35] <> Don haka zama zindir daidai ne kenan. Abin tambaya kawai yaushe muka damfaru da son sanya sutura, kuma mene ne dalili? [36]

   At some point early humans needed to cover up [37] <> A wani lokaci bukatar rufe jiki da sutura ta taba bijiro wa mutanen da [38]

   Clothes do not fossilise, [39] <> Alamun burbushin tufafi bai hau kan burbushin duwatsu ba, [40]

   so we cannot get direct evidence for the time when our early human – "hominin" – [41] <> saboda haka babu hujja kai tsaye da za ta tabbatar da lokacin da mutanen farko - "hominin" - [42]

   ancestors stopped wandering about naked, and started draping their bodies with animal furs and skins. [43] <> kakannin mutane suka daina yawo tsirar, har suka fara lullube jikinsu da gashi da fatun dabbobi. [44]

   Instead, anthropologists largely rely on indirect methods to date the origin of clothes. [45] <> Sabanin haka ma, masana kimiyyar nazarin dadaddun al'amura ba sa bin hanyoyin ta kai tsaye wajen gano asalin tufafi. [46]

   A 2011 study on lice suggested that it was only 170,000 years ago when it all began. [47] <> Wani bincike da aka gudanar a kan kudin cizo a shekara ta 2011 ya yi nuni da cewa kimanin shekara dubu 170 aka fara. [48]

   Researchers found that head lice and lice that live in our clothes separated at around this time. [49] <> Masu bincike sun gano cewa kwarkwata da kudin cizon da ke makalewa a tufafinmu sun rabu ne a daidai wannan lokaci. [50]

   The idea is that, once we started wearing clothes, some lice started living in them and evolved into a separate species. [51] <> Manufa dai ita ce a daidai lokacin da muka fara sanya sutura, sai kudin cizo ya fara tarewa a jikinsu, ya kuma zama wani nau'in halittu daban. [52]

   Simple protection may not have been the only reason we started wearing clothes [53] <> Kariya kadai ba za ta zama dalilinmu na sanya tufafi kadai ba. [54]

   At this time our own species, Homo sapiens, already walked the Earth in Africa. [55] <> A wannan zamani na cikakkun mutane, wadanda ake yi wa lakabi da Homo sapiens, tuni muke tafiya kan kasa a Afirka. [56]

   They no longer had much body hair, [57] <> Ba su da dimbin gashin da ya baibaye jiki, [58]

   which had helped more archaic hominins keep warm at night and offered some protection from the heat of the Sun. [59] <> al'amarin da ya taimaka wa mutanen da suka rika samun dumin jiki da daddare, ya kuma ba su kariya daga zafin rana. [60]

   It is possible we started wearing clothes to compensate for the loss of fur, says Ian Gilligan of the University of Sydney in Australia. [61] <> Akwai yiwuwar mun fara sanya tufafi ne don maye makwafin gashi da muka rasa, a cewar Ian Giligan na Jami'ar Sydney da ke Austiraliya. [62]

   Several modern-day hunter-gather societies, [63] <> Mafi yawan al'ummomin mafarautan wannan zamani, [64]

    such as the Nuer people in southern Sudan, wear minimal clothing. [65] <> irin mutanen Nuer da ke Kudancin Sudan, suna sanya guntayen tufafi. [66]

   This suggests that simple protection may not have been the only reason we started wearing clothes. [67] <> Wannan na nufin kariya ba za ta zamo dalilin da ya sanya muka fara sanya tufafi ba. [68]

   Conceivably people were beginning to feel ʺmodestʺ and wanted to cover up, but it is hard to find direct evidence of that. [69] <> Dalilin kawai da za a yarda da shi, shi ne mutane sun fara jin "kunya" don haka suka fara son rufe jikinsu, amma yana da wahala a samu hujja takamaimai. [70]

   Historical accounts suggest that other hunter-gatherer societies, [71] <> Bayanan tarihi sun yi nuni da cewa al'ummomin mafarauta, [72]

   such as the Fuegians from South America, wore simple clothes some of the time, [73] <> irin na Fuegians daga Kudancin Amurka, sun sanya saukaka tufafi na wancan lokacin, [74]

   but also walked around naked. [75] <> kuma sun yi yawo tsirara. [76]

   Perhaps early humans only covered up when it was cold. [77] <> Ta yiwu mutanen farko sun rika lullube jikinsu ne kawai a lokacin sanyi. [78]

   Neanderthals needed protection from the cold [79] <> Mutanen da suka shude a Turai (Neandethals) suna bukatar kariya daga sanyi [80]

   Outside of Africa, it is easy to see that clothes were vital to protect against the cold. [81] <> A wajen Afirka kuwa, al'amari ne mai sauki a san cewa tufafi na da muhimmmanci don kariya daga sanyi. [82]

   Another human species, the Neanderthals, walked the Earth in much colder climes, and would certainly have needed to cover up. [83] <> Wani nau'in rukunin mutane, na Turawan asali, sun yi tafiya a kasa lokacin tsananin sanyi, don haka akwai tabbacin cewa bukatar lullube jiki ta bijiro. [84]

   Neanderthals existed in Europe long before modern humans arrived. [85] <> 'Neandertahals, mutanen farko da suka shude a Turai kafin mutanen zamani su halarto. [86]

   We both evolved from a common ancestor, thought to be Homo heidelbergensis. [87] <> Daukacinmu mun fito daga zuiri'ar kakanni guda ne, watakila su ne rukunin farko na mutanen Afirka da Turai da yammacin Asiya, wato Homo heidelbergensis. [88]

   It follows that, if Neanderthals also wore clothes, [89] <> Daga nan za a iya cewa, idan 'Neanderthals' sun sanya tufafi, [90]

   clothes were invented more than once and the Neanderthals invented them before we did. [91] <> to an kirkiro tufafi ne ba sau daya ba, kuma mutanen farko a nahiyar Turai, wato Neanderthals ne suka fara kirkiro su kafin mu. [92]

   Neanderthals did not have to make tight-fitting clothes that completely covered them up [93] <> Mutanen Turai na farko 'Neanderthals' ba su bukaci yin tufafi tsukakku don lullube jikinsu ba. [94]

   In a study published in 2012, [95] <> A wani bincike da aka wallafa a shekara ta 2012, [96]

   Wales estimated that Neanderthals must have covered 70-80% of their bodies during the winter months, [97] <> Wales ya kiyasta cewa mutanen Turai na farko tabbas sun lullube kashi 70 zuwa 80 cikin 100 na jikinsu a watannin hunturu, [98]

   in order to successfully live in some of the climates we know they inhabited. [99] <> don samun nasarar rayuwa a yanayin da muka fahimci sun zauna. [100]

   To figure this out, Wales compared what modern hunter-gathers wear in different environments, [101] <> A wajen bayyanar da al'amarin, Wales ya kwatanta tufafin al'ummomin mafarautan wannan zamani a muhalli daban-daban, [102]

   and cross-referenced this with historical climatic conditions. [103] <> sannan ya yi nazari kan irin yanayin da suka zauna kamar yadda tarihi ya bayyana. [104]

   Modern humans needed to cover themselves up slightly more, up to 90%, Wales argues. [105] <> Mutanen zamani suna bukatar lullube jikinsu sosai, kimanin kashi 90 cikin 100, kamar yadda Wales ya yi nazari. [106]

   This means, he says, that Neanderthals did not have to make tight-fitting clothes that completely covered them up. [107] <> Wannan na nufin, a cewarsa, mutanen da suka shude a Turai ba su sanya tsukakkun tufafin da suke rufe musu jiki ruf ba. [108]

   We now know a little bit about what type of clothes they might have worn. [109] <> Muna da karancin sani game da irin tufafin da suka sanya. [110]

   It is thought that Neanderthals had inferior clothes to modern humans [111] <> An dauka cewa tufafin mutanen da suka shude a Turai basu da nagartar da ta kai na mutanen zamani [112]

   The Neanderthals probably donned simple fur cloaks, according to a study published in August 2016. [113] <> Ta yiwu mutanen da suka shude a Turai sun yi lage da walki na gashi, kamar yadda yake kunshe a wani bincike da aka wallafa a shekarar 2016. [114]

   The researchers propose that the typical Neanderthal probably draped the fur of one animal around herself. [115] <> Masu binciken sun bijiro da irin walkin lagen fatar dabba da wata macen asalin mutanen da suka shude a Turai ta yafa. [116]

   Meanwhile, modern humans made clothes that were slightly more complex, perhaps by stitching several pieces together. [117] <> Sannan mutumin zamani ya yi cukurkudaddun kayan sawa masu wuyar sha'ani, ta yiwu saboda dinke dumbin kyallaye. [118]

   The study's lead author Mark Collard, of Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, Canada, [119] <> Jagoran wadanda suka rubuta sakamakon binciken, Mark Collard, na Jami'ar Simon Fraser da ke Burnaby a kasar Canada, [120]

    realised that modern humans tended to hunt animals that would have helped them make thicker, snugger furs. [121] <> ya fahimci cewa mutanen zamani sun damfaru da bukatar yin farautar dabbobin da za su taimaka musu wajen dinka tufafin gashi masu kauri da taushi. [122]

   The wolverine is a prime example. [123] <> Babban misali shi ne wata gajeriyar dabba mai gashi da ke cin nama (wolverine). [124]

   It would have made excellent trimming near the neck or at the edge of sleeves. [125] <> Domin za ta bayar da kyakkyawar damar fitar da wuya daga gefan tufafi. [126]

   Rather than having to evolve the ability to live there, you can simply create better clothing [127] <> Sabanin a bullo da dabarun iya zama a haka, gara ka kikirki managar kayan sawa. [128]

   Collard found that, even today, wolverines are preferentially targeted by groups such as the Inuit. [129] <> Collard ya gano cewa, har a yau, gajeriyar dabba mai gashi ta wolverine ita gungun mutanen Arewacin Canada da Greenland da Alaska ke farauta. [130]

   "There was a real desire for those sorts of pelts, and it's something to do with structure of hairs, [131] <> An yi ta farautar irin wadannan, saboda al'amari na yanayin gashi, [132]

   they don't frost up as badly as other furs," he says. [133] <> gashinsu dai sanyi bay a daskarar da shi kamar sauran nau'ukan, inji shi. [134]

   "They are more effective than military cold-weather clothing." [135] <> Sun fi nagarta fiye da tufafin kariyar sanyi da sojoji ke sanyawa. [136]

   For Wales, these findings confirmed that modern humans behaved differently to Neanderthals. [137] <> A wajen Wales, wadannan sakamakon binciken sun tabbatar da cewa, mutanen zamani sun sha bam-ban da mutanen da suka shude a Turai (Neandertahls). [138]

   "That technology really helped out humans, they could very quickly go into new habitats," he says. [139] <> Fasahar kimiyyar kere-kere ta taimaka wa mutane, ta yadda za su iya zama a wani sabon muhalli, inji shi. [140]

   "So rather than having to evolve the ability to live there, you can simply create better clothing." [141] <> Don haka sabanin a bullo da dabarun iya zama a can, sai kawai ka samar da managartan tufafi. [142]

   Despite this, Neanderthals, with their shorter and stockier bodies, [143] <> Duk da cewa, mutanen da suka shude a Turai (Neanderthals) suna da gajarta da girman jiki [144]

   were actually better adapted to Europe's colder weather than modern humans. [145] <> sun samu kyakkyawan daidaito ta wajen zama a yanayin Turai mai tsananin sanyi fiye da mutanen zamani. [146]

   They came to Europe long before we did, while modern humans spent most of their history in tropical African temperatures. [147] <> Sun riga mu zuwa Turai, yayin da mutanen zamani suka sarayar da dimbin shekarunsu a yankin Afirka mai yanayin zafi. [148]

   Paradoxically, the fact that Neanderthals were better adapted to the cold may also have contributed to their downfall. [149] <> Abin takaici ne, a gaskiyar lamari cewa mutanen Turai da suka shude (Neanderthals) sabon su da yanayin sanyi ya taimaka wajen shudewarsu. [150]

   A wolverine's thick fur keeps it warm [151] <> Gajeriyar dabba mai kaurin gashi (wolverine) da ke dumama jikinta [152]

   If that sounds like a contradiction, to some extent it is. [153] <> Idan wannan ya haifar da sabanin fahimta, to dai haka al'amarin yake. [154]

   Modern humans have leaner bodies, which were much more vulnerable to the cold. [155] <> Mutanen zamani sun fi sirantar jiki, al'amarin da ke bayar da damar sanyi ya ratsa su. [156]

   As a result, our ancestors were forced to make additional technological advances. [157] <> Sakamakon haka kakanninmu an tursasa su wajen kaimin bunkasa fasahar kimiyyar kere-kere. [158]

   "We developed better clothing to compensate, [159] <> Mun kirkiro da managartan tufafi ya maye makwafin abin da muka rasa, [160]

   which ultimately gave us the edge when the climate got extremely cold [about] 30,000 years ago," says Gilligan. [161] <> al'amarin da ke ba mu kariya a yanayin tsananin sanyin shekaru dubu 30 da suka wuce, inji Gilligan. [162]

   We may have learned a thing or two from the Neanderthals [163] <> Ta yiwu mun koyi wani al'amari ko darussa biyu daga mutanen Turai da suka shude (Neanderthals). [164]

   There is archaeological evidence to suggest [165] <> Alamun hujjojin dadaddun al'amura masu dimbin shekaru na nuni da cewa [166]

   that humans had better technology for making their garments. [167] <> mutanen zamani suna managarciyar fasahar kimiyyar kere-kere wajen yin tufafi. [168]

   We had already developed specialised cutting tools, like blades and eventually needles. [169] <> Tuni muka kirkiro kayan aikin yanke-yanke, irin masu kaifi da allurai. [170]

   These helped us cut animal hide in shapes like rectangles and squares, which could then be joined together. [171] <> Wadannan sun taimaka mana wajen yanka fatar dabba a fasalin mikakke da daidai wa daida, wadanda za a hada su wuri guda. [172]

   In contrast, Neanderthals seem only to have had simple scrapers. [173] <> A kwatanceceniya, mutanen Turai da suka shude (Neandertahal) sun mallaki abin goge-goge da durjewa ne kawai. [174]

    In 2007, Gilligan proposed that this contributed to their downfall, [175] <> A shekarar 2007, Gilligan ya bayyana cewa, wannan ya taimaka wajen shudewarsu, [176]

   by leaving them with lower-quality clothes during the coldest periods of the last ice age. [177] <> inda suka karke da tufafi marasa nagarta a lokacin matsanancin sanyi, zamanin karshe na bagiren kankara. [178]

   When they began to struggle, that could be the reason why they went extinct, [179] <> A lokacin da suka fara fafutika, wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sanya suka gushe, [180]

   they didn't have the technology for complex clothing that modern humans had already developed earlier in Africa, says Gilligan. [181] <> ba su da fasahar kimiyyar kere-kere da za ta samar da hadaddun tufafin mutanen zamani, wadanda tuni aka samar da su tun farko a Afirka, a cewar Gilligan. [182]

   Early modern humans may have made parkas that covered almost all their skin [183] <> Mutanen zamani na farko ta yiwu sun yi rigar gashi da ake saregafawa ta lullube daukacin fatar jikinsu [184]

   While modern humans had more sophisticated tools and clothes, [185] <> Duk da cewa mutanen zamani suna da dimbin ingantattun kayan aiki da tufafi, [186]

   Neanderthals were not the dumb brutes once depicted, [187] <> mutanen Turai da suka shude miyagu ne dukum yadda aka nuna a da, [188]

   and there is no reason to believe they were generally less sophisticated than us. [189] <> kuma babu wani dalili na bai daya da zai tabatar da cewa masu nagarta da wuyar sha'ani ne fiye da mu. [190]

   They may simply not have needed to cover up completely, and when eventually they did, their technology failed them. [191] <> Kawai dai ba sa bukatar lullube jikinsu gaba daya, sai kuma daga baya suka bukaci yin hakan, sannan fasahar kere-kerensu mara nagarta ta kassara su. [192]

   In fact, when it came to preparing animal hides, we may have learned a thing or two from the Neanderthals. [193] <> A gaskiya, idan aka yi batun sarrafa fatun dabba, za mu koyi wani abu ko darussa biyu daga mutanen Turai da suka gushe (Neanderthals). [194]

   In 2013, a team led by Marie Soressi of the University of Leiden in the Netherlands [195] <> A shekarar 2003, wani gungun masana karkashin jagorancin Marie Soressi ta Jami'ar Leiden da ke Netherland, [196]

   found that Neanderthals were the first to use tools made out of bone, rather than stone. [197] <> sun gano cewa mutanen Turai da suka shude su ne suka fara amfani da kayan aikin da suka kera daga kashi, sabanin dutse. [198]

   They did so about 40-60,000 years ago. [199] <> Sun yi wannan aiki ne kimanin shekaru 40 zuwa 60 da suka wuce. [200]

   These "Lissoir tools" were rib fragments from deer. [201] <> Wadannan "kayan aikin kashi" an yi su ne daga hakarkarin gada. [202]

   They were used to work animal hide to make it softer, possibly for clothes. [203] <> Ana amfani da su wajen aikin sarrafa fata don gyarata ta yi taushi, inda ake da tabbacin yin tufafi. [204]

   After the Neanderthals went extinct, similar bone tools turned up at Homo sapiens sites. [205] <> Bayan da mutanen Turai na farko suka shude, mutanen zamani da suka fara bijirowa (Homo sapiens) an samu kayan aiki na kashi a wuraren da suka rayu. [206]

   This type of bone tool is very common in the upper Palaeolithic record, [207] <> Irin wadannan kayan aiki da aka kera daga kashi an fi samunsu a zamanin kayan aikin da aka kera da duwatsu, [208]

   so it's very common in any sites used by modern humans after the demise of the Neanderthals, says Soressi. [209] <> don haka ake samun burbushinsu a wuraren da mutanen farko na zamani suka fara bayyana bayan shudewar mutanen Turai na farko (Neandewrthal), a cewar Soressi. [210]

   "For me, it's potentially the first evidence of something being transmitted from Neanderthals to modern humans." [211] <> A ganina wannan na nuni da hujjar da ke tabbatar da wani abu da aka gada daga mutanen Turai na farko da suka gushe zuwa ga mutanen zamani. [212]

   People may have substituted body art with clothes (Credit: Cultura RM/Alamy) [213] <> Ta yiwu mutane sun maye makwafin zayyanar jiki da tufafi [214]

   Learning the Neanderthals' tricks for dealing with the cold would have been enormously useful for modern humans, [215] <> Fahimtar dabarun mutanen Turai na farko wajen tarairayar sanyi na da matukar amfani ga mutanen zamani, [216]

   who could then combine the bone tools with their other repertoire of tools to make even better clothes. [217] <> wadanda za su iya hada kayan aiki na kashi da dimbin kayayyakinsu su samar da managartan tufafi. [218]

   If this is true, [219] <> Idan wannan ya zama gaskiya, [220]

    it raises the question of why the Neanderthals did not copy the modern humans' [221] <> to an bijiro da batun cewa mutanen Turai na farko ba su kwaikwayi mutanen zamani ba, [222]

   more sophisticated technologies. [223] <> a wajen samar da ingantattun kayan fasahar kimiyyar kere-kere. [224]

   It may be that modern humans simply found the Neanderthals' bone tools lying around, [225] <> Ta yiwu mutanen zamani ne suka samu kayan aikin mutanen Turai na farko da suka shude, wadanda aka yi da kashi, ba tare da sun taba haduwa da su ba. [226]

   rather than through actually meeting with Neanderthals. [227] <> Akwai tabbacin cewa mutane sun saba yi wa kansu ado da kawa tun kafin samuwar tufafi. [228]

   A little more recently, perhaps around 30,000 years ago, Stone Age clothes became more sophisticated still. [229] <> A da can da dadewa, ta yiwu wajen shekaru dubu 30, tufafin zamanin amfani da kayan aiki na duwatsu ke da inganci har zuwa yanzu. [230]

   In the Dzudzuana Cave in Georgia, [231] <> A kogon Dzuduzana da ke Geogia, [232]

   researchers have discovered coloured flax fibres in areas where humans lived. [233] <> masu bincike sun gano zangaryar kwayar hatsi mai launi a wuraren da mutanen suka rayu. [234]

   These could have been used to make linen clothes in a range of colours. [235] <> Ta yiwu an yi amfani da wadannan wajen yin tufafi masu launuka. [236]

   They also served decorative purposes. In other words, clothes were becoming symbolic. [237] <> Tamfar zane-zane a jiki, tufafi wani tambari ne da ke nuni da yanayin mutum [238]

   Gilligan points out that humans were probably decorating themselves long before clothes even existed. [239] <> Gilligan ya yi nuni da cewa, ta yiwu mutane sun saba yi wa kansu kwalliya tun kafin samuwar tufafi. [240]

   "When you look at contemporary hunter-gatherers who don't use clothing, [241] <> Idan ku ka dubi mafarautan zamani wadanda ba sa sanya tufafi, [242]

    they decorate themselves brilliantly with body painting. [243] <> su kan yi wa kansu kwalliyar kawa da zane-zane a jiki. [244]

   You don't need clothing in order to do that." [245] <> Ba ka bukatar tufafi don yin hakan. [246]

   There is evidence to suggest that Neanderthals painted themselves with red ochre pigment too, [247] <> Akwai hujjar da ke nuni da cewa mutanen Turai na farko (Neanderthals) sun yi wa kansu zayyana mai launi-launi (fenti) da dishi-dishin ja da dorawa, [248]

   with the oldest evidence dating to over 200,000 years ago. Of course, the pigment might also have been used to tan hides, for ritual burials, or for cave art. [249] <> sannan suna amfani da fatun da suka jeme wajen tsafe-tsafe ko adon kogo. [250]

   The truth about clothes is more complex than you might have imagined [251] <> Gaskiyar lamari game da tufafi na da wuyar sha'ani fiye da yadda kuka zata . [252]

   When it got too cold to show off painted bodies, early humans were forced to cover up. [253] <> Idan sanyi ya yi tsanani don a bayyanar da jikin da aka zane shi da launuka, mutanen farko ya kan zame musu dole su lullube jikinsu. [254]

    "That decorative function gets transferred onto clothing," proposes Gilligan. [255] <> Irin wannan adon shi ne aka juya shi ya zama tufafi, a cewar Gilligan. [256]

   "Once that happens, humans need clothing for that social purpose as well as any thermal purpose." [257] <> Da zarar hakan ta faru, sai bukatar tufafi ta bijiro wa mutane saboda kyautata zamantakewa da dumama jiki." [258]

   This could explain how the use of clothing has become such an integral aspect to many people's identity. [259] <> Wannan ya bayyana yadda tufafi suka zama wani muhimmin al'amari na nuna mutumtakar mutane. [260]

   Similarly, a lack of clothing is crucial to the identity of some hunter-gatherer tribes, and to that of the naked rambler. [261] <> Haka kuma rashin sanya tufafi na nuni da mutumtakar wasu kabilu na mafarauta da ke yawo tsirara. [262]

   The truth about clothes is therefore more complex than you might have imagined. [263] <> Gaskiyar lamari game da tufafi abu ne mai rudarwa fiye da yadda aka zata. [264]

   Without them we might not have survived, but today we use clothes for more than keeping warm. [265] <> Ta yiwu ba za mu rayu ba tare da tufafi ba, amma a yau muna amfani da tufafi ne fiye da dumama jiki. [266]

   They are a part of our identity, our culture and our social norms. [267] <> Sun zama alamar nuna mutumtaka, ta fannin al'adunmu da zamantakewarmu. [268]

   Clothes set us apart from other species, and from nature, says Gilligan. [269] <> Tufafi sun bambanta mu da suaran nau'ukan halittu da zama haka zikau, a cewar Gilligan. [270]

   What's more, by signaling that we belong to particular social or political groups, they can also set us apart from one another. [271] <> Saura da me, idan muka yi nuni da rukunin zamantakewar ko kungiyar siyasarmu, al'amari ne da za su iya bambance mu da wasu. [272]